Wealth Concentration Engine: Rethinking America’s Financial Plumbing
A Jan. 17 article on Quartz Markets by Catherine Baab reports that JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, Wells Fargo, Citigroup and Bank of America returned nearly all of their 2025 profits to shareholders. Goldman Sachs returned $16.78 billion on $17.18 billion in earnings, meaning 97.7% of its earnings went to shareholders. Wells Fargo, Citigroup, JPMorgan, and Bank of America collectively returned tens of billions more. Across the six largest banks, roughly $100 billion flowed to shareholders in a single year.
Banks enjoy a long list of public privileges — federally guaranteed deposits, public charters allowing them to create deposits on their books as loans, access to the Fed’s discount window for emergency credit, and federal bailouts when they get into serious trouble.