DOJ Exposes Racist Policing In Baltimore, Major Transformation Needed

“My race is predominantly, first and foremost, what is visible to the public,” Bell-McKoy said. “This is part of the baggage of our country’s history.”

Patrick McCarthy, president and CEO of the Annie E. Casey Foundation, called on Batimoreans to “take responsibility” for the racism “embedded” in the city. The report should be a chance “to redouble our efforts to dismantle the damaging policies and practices that have undermined too many of our children and families,” he said in a statement.

That Baltimore, a majority black city in which much of the political leadership is also black, has an entrenched racial problem is troubling, many said.

“We still haven’t eliminated all the vestiges of racism,” said Kurt L. Schmoke, the city’s first elected black mayor.

Despite the Justice Department findings, Schmoke — now president of the University of Baltimore — said he feels optimistic that the city will unite to fix the problems.

“I met with one of the young elected officials recently and told him … some of the same problems I faced in the ’90s are still here, but you’ve got a climate now of people who want to work as partners with you to solve those problems,” Schmoke said. “I’m hoping people will look to the future and not just dwell on the past.”

Black Lives Matter activist DeRay Mckesson, recently named chief human capital officer for Baltimore City public schools, struck a similarly optimistic note. He said he sees city officials such as Police Commissioner Kevin Davis acknowledging the need for change.

“This report uncovers what so many people already knew to be true,” said Mckesson, who was recently arrested in a Baton Rouge protest against police brutality. “Commissioner Davis’ comments so far highlighted the need and understanding for deep, systemic change, and now we have to see what that means in practice.”

Still, Mckesson expressed frustration that Baltimore’s leadership has allowed the city to get to this point, and questions their lack of action prior to release of the Justice Department report.

“I think addressing deficiencies in the Police Department can be politically risky, and I think some people have not been willing to take those risks,” he said. “Some people put their careers above what they know to be right.

“I am thankful the unrest has created an atmosphere that is forcing people to address these issues. We can change the systems and the structures in a way to change the culture.”

Gov. Larry Hogan said Wednesday that he hadn’t read the report. But he said the coming change in city leadership in the November election could bring changes. “We have a new mayor coming in, a whole new administration,” Hogan said. “Hopefully they’ll take some of these issues seriously.”

Former state Sen. Clarence M. Mitchell IV, now a WBAL radio talk show host, said his phone lines lit up on Wednesday with Batimoreans interested in talking about the report. Mitchell also faults city leaders over the past decades for ignoring long-entrenched problems of racism.

“The Democratic regime — I was a part of it — has had political relationships that have superseded holding people, their friends, accountable,” he said. “It’s called Smalltimore for a reason.

“By turning a blind eye to what the report revealed, thousands of Baltimoreans’ lives have been ruined forever. In order to make changes, they are going to have to take on the [police union], they are going to have to make structural changes. … Baltimore City is on the national map now.”

The Fraternal Order of Police, the union representing city officers, decried what it called the Justice Department’s blaming of the rank-and-file for policing problems.

Rather, union president Gene S. Ryan said in a prepared statement, the report is an indictment of “the failed leadership at all levels of city government.”

Similarly, the president of a group that promotes fairness in the Police Department’s hiring and promotion practices said the report’s citation of excessive arrests that ultimately result in no charges are the result of commanders pressuring officers on the street to keep up arrest numbers.

Lt. Kenneth Butler recalled a commander confronting him about monthly arrest numbers when he was assigned to the Southern District.

“Don’t you think that’s kind of low?” the commander asked, according to Butler. “It still goes on,” he said.

Butler, who now is with the department’s special operations unit, is president of the Vanguard Justice Society, which was created in the 1970s to represent the interests of black officers. According to the Justice Department, about 42 percent of the Baltimore police force is African-American.

Stephen L. Morgan, a Johns Hopkins University sociology professor who has studied the so-called “Ferguson effect” on arrest and crime rates, said many cities are wrestling with issues raised by Justice Department investigations. He said the reforms the department is calling for will take time to enact and filter down to the street level.

“It will take a good amount of time to rebuild trust, and everyone needs to recognize that,” Morgan said. “Like most things, in policy and in everyday life, it takes a good amount of time to develop trust and to see things from other people’s perspectives.”

Debbie Hines, a former Baltimore prosecutor, said the Justice Department was right to highlight the damage of rampant arrests for loitering, trespassing and the like.

Having left the state’s attorney’s office in the late 1990s, she said she was surprised to read the report and see the sheer number of arrests on what she considers “bogus” charges.

“It’s worse that what I thought,” said Hines, a West Batimore native who now practices law and works as a legal analyst in Washington.

Hines remembers being back in Park Heights 10 years ago when her long-ailing mother died, and being threatened with arrest by two police officers who wanted to take her mother’s body to the medical examiner’s office rather than a funeral home.

That both officers were black suggested to her that there were systemic problems in the department.

“It’s an entrenched culture,” she said.

The Rev. Glenna Huber, co-chair of the grassroots group BUILD, said Baltimore tends not to speak as openly about racism as other cities in which she’s lived.

“We don’t name it explicitly,” said Huber, an Episcopal priest who has lived in the city for eight years.

Now, Huber said, Batimoreans have got to make sure the report leads to change.

“We are angry,” she said. “People have been saying these things for years, even generations. We need accountability.”